piggyBac转座子介导的牛A-FABP表达载体的构建与鉴定

【目的】构建以piggyBac(PB)转座子为载体元件,绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)为报告基因,Neomycin(NEO)为抗性基因,alpha-肌动蛋白(α-actin)为启动子的A-FABP基因特异性表达载体pPB-AFABP,并验证其转座活性。【方法】通过PCR方法合成PB转座子骨架序列、NEO-EGFP、α-actin启动子以及A-FABP基因序列,并将各个序列连接构建成转基因载体pPB-AFABP;用脂质体法将供体质粒pPB-AFABP和辅助质粒pCAG-PBase组成的PB二元系统及质粒pPB-AFABP分别转染牛成纤维细胞,通过G418筛选得到转基因细胞。【结果】经过酶切和测序鉴定,载体pPB-AFABP构建正确;PB二元系统的阳性克隆数明显多于转座子载体pPB-AFABP的克隆数;PCR鉴定结果表明,牛成纤维细胞中存在目的基因A-FABP。【结论】成功构建了转基因表达载体pPB-AFABP,且证实PB转座子在牛成纤维细胞中具有较高的转座活性。     

鸡源沙门氏菌对β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药相关基因的筛选及鉴定

[目的]从沙门氏菌全基因组范围筛选和鉴定其与β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药性相关的基因.[方法]对临床分离的10株沙门氏菌进行药敏试验,选择耐药性最广泛的菌株作为研究对象,利用mariner转座子对其基因组进行随机突变,获得转座子突变株文库,筛选文库中对β-内酰胺类抗生素敏感的突变体,通过套式PCR、核苷酸测序及序列比对确定突变体中转座子的插入位点及其破坏的基因.[结果]从突变株文库中筛选得到15株分别对青霉素G、氨苄西林和头孢哌酮敏感的突变株,其中3株对三种抗生素都敏感.转座子破坏基因为STM4216 (inner membrane protein)和STM4150 (50S ribosomal protein L1).[结论]筛选出的基因有望成为控制或扭转沙门氏菌耐药性的作用靶点.     

家蚕类mariner转座子相关序列分析

通过PCR克隆,从家蚕基因组中获得大小为975bp的DNA片段(登录号:EU352872),Blast搜寻结果显示,该片段DNA序列的52-449nt区域与野蚕mariner-like元件DNA(登录号:AB237562)的同源性达90%,推测为家蚕类mariner转座子相关序列,在乙酰胆碱酯酶基因的第5内含子、微卫星S1104-R序列、BmBRC-NZ3 mRNA终止码的下游序列、ErB·1基因的内含子均检测到家蚕类mariner元件相关序列的同源区,暗示家蚕类mariner元件在家蚕基因组中发生了多次转座,并在家蚕基因组的不同区域随着进化发生了歧化。     

猕猴桃溃疡病菌不致病菌株G230的鉴定及形成原因分析

为探索田间猕猴桃溃疡病菌Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae(Psa)致病力丧失的分子机制,针对从猕猴桃果园中分离获得的1株不致病菌株G230,通过特异性引物检测和多基因序列分析明确其分类地位,并设计引物检测其是否由已知遗传变异引起,通过比较基因组学、基因表达、超敏反应和荧光素酶报告菌株检测确定引起菌株G230致病力丧失的原因。结果表明,不致病菌株G230为Psa生物型3(Psa3),其致病缺陷不是由已报道的遗传变异引起;基于基因组比较分析发现菌株G230中的hrpS基因被转座子ISPsy36插入破坏,导致Ⅲ型分泌系统（type Ⅲ secretion system,T3SS）不能正常表达;而在不致病菌株G230中表达hrpS基因后能恢复其T3SS功能,使其具备致病能力及激发非寄主超敏反应的能力。表明转座子ISPsy36插入hrpS基因内部可以破坏Psa的T3SS功能进而使其丧失致病力,这是自然条件下Psa3丧失致病力的一种新型机制。     

piggyBac转座子在畜牧兽医科学中应用研究进展

piggyBac（PB）转座子已被证明是一种高效的非病毒基因工程操作工具,现广泛用于基因操作和转基因动物研究中。借助PB转座子已获得转基因小鼠、鸡、猪、山羊等动物。文中重点就PB转座子在畜牧兽医科学研究中的应用进行综述。     

Molecular Monitoring of hrpB-disrupted Mutant of Ralstonia solanacearum in Tomato Plants

A nonpathogenic mutant of Ralstonia solanacearum was produced by the insertion of transposon Tn4431. The mutagenized gene was then cloned from a genomic DNA library by the gene tagging method, using the labeled lux operon located on Tn4431 of pUCD623 as a hybridization probe. From nucleotide sequence analysis of the transposon-inserted genomic clone, the hrpB gene was shown to be disrupted by the inserted transposon. Tomato plants were inoculated with the hrpB-disrupted mutant bacteria, for which multiplication and translocation were then monitored using the colony hybridization method. In addition, the original pathogenic bacteria in which the lux operon had been functionally ligated with the genomic promoter were also used for inoculation and traced by their bioluminescence. Multiplication of the hrpB-disrupted mutant was suppressed initially in the invaded root tissues and then in upper hypocotyl after translocation, suggesting that the pathogenic strain of R. solanacearum overcomes at least two steps of host responses expressed in root and hypocotyl tissues. Thus, our approach for molecular monitoring of the bacteria enabled us to precisely analyze the infection behavior of the pathogenic bacteria in planta. Received 16 April 1999/ Accepted in revised form 10 August 1999     

Pseudomonas for biological control of dutch elm disease. I. Labeling,detection and identification of pseudomonas isolates injected into elms; comparison of various methods

To understand the mechanisms involved in biological control of Dutch elm disease byPseudomonas, data were needed on the distribution of the introduced bacteria within elm and on the development of the bacterial population over a period of time.As traditional biochemical identification techniques are not suitable for distinguishment between individualPseudomonas isolates, three alternative approaches were compared.

植物青枯病原细菌胞外蛋白相关基因的克隆

 用含有转座子Tn5的铜绿假单胞杆菌PAO1826(pMO75∷Tn5,Km^r)诱变我国马铃薯青枯菌小种3号菌株PO41,获得6000多个胞外多糖正常产生的接合子。经SDS-PAGE电泳,筛选出2个胞外蛋白减少9种的突变株PM2644和PM239,其可以引起烟草叶片典型的过敏性反应,致病力比野生型菌株显著降低,皆为原养型菌株。Southern杂交的结果表明,突变株染色体上只有1个转座子插入位点。标记交换证明,9种胞外蛋白缺失与转座子插入相偶联的频率为100%。以聚半乳糖醛酸酶和内葡聚糖酶2种胞外酶为指示蛋白进行定量测定的结果表明,在突变株上清液中和菌体细胞内都没有这2种胞外酶的存在。以突变株PM2644为受体菌,通过基因功能互补的方法,从野生型青枯菌基因文库筛选到2个阳性克隆pPSP1和pPSP2,它们既能恢复2个突变株产生胞外蛋白的能力,也能将2个突变株的致病力恢复到接近野生型菌株的水平。     

基因克隆技术

综述了基因克隆常用技术包括图位克隆法、转座子或T－DNA标签法、同源序列法、表达序列标签（EST）法和差异表达基因分离方法的原理、应用、应用的潜力和限制因素。     

转座子标签法及其在大豆功能基因组研究中的应用前景

转座子标签法是克隆未知基因的有效方法之一.本文介绍了转座子标签法的基本原理、步骤、方法及其在植物基因克隆中的应用情况,并对该方法在大豆突变体库构建和功能基因组研究中的应用前景进行了讨论.